Bibliography: Working Conditions for Bioethics Consultation 
(September 2002)

Chris MacDonald, Ph.D.

Note: this bibliography is being compiled as part of a project being carried out on behalf of the Canadian Bioethics Society. This project is concerned with a range of issues including the professionalization of bioethics, conflict of interest in bioethics, and employment and working conditions for ethicists practicing in a non-tenured environment.

Suggested additions are welcomed, and should be sent to chrismac@ethicsweb.ca. (Thanks to Angela White for assisting me in the preparation of this bibliography.)

See also a shorter, annotated bibliography. 

Ackerman, T.F. "Moral problems, moral inquiry, and consultation in clinical ethics." Clinical ethics: Theory and practice. Eds. B.Hoffmaster, B. Freedman, and G. Fraser. Clifton, NJ: Humana Press, 1989. 141-160.

Ackerman, T.F. "The role of an ethicist in health care." Health care ethics: A guide for decision makers. Eds., G.R. Anderson, and V.A. Glesnes-Anderson. Rockville, MD: Aspen Publishers, 1987. 308-320.

Agich, G.J. "Clinical Ethics: A role theoretic look." Social Science and Medicine 30 (1990): 389-399.

Agich, G.J., and S.J. Youngner. "For experts only? Access to hospital ethics committees." Hastings Center Report 21,5 (1991): 17-25.

American Society for Bioethics and Humanities, Core Competencies for Health Care Ethics Consultation. ASBH, 1998.

Anderson, C.A. "Ethics committees and quality improvement: A necessary link." Journal of Nursing Care Quality 11,1 (1996): 17-25.

Andre, J., "Goals of ethics consultation: Toward clarity, utility, and fidelity." The Journal of Clinical Ethics 8 (1997): 193-198.

Atkin, Jennifer Lee. "Educators and experts" Science and Spirit November/December 2001 (2001): 3 pps. On-line. Internet. 30 Aug. 2002. http://www.science-spirit.org/articles/printerfriendly.cfm?article_id=263.

Aulisio, M.P., R.M. Arnold, and S.J. Youngner "Can there be educational and training standards for those conducting health care ethics consultation?" Health care ethics: Critical issues for the 21st century. Eds. D. Thomasma, and J. Monagle. Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen Publishers, 1998. 484-496.

Aulisio, Mark P., Arnold, Robert M, Youngner, Stuart J. "Health care ethics consultation: Nature, goals, and competencies." Annals of Internal Medicine 133 (2000): 59-69. 
http://www.annals.org/issues/v133n1/full/200007040-00012.html

Baylis, F.E. "Persons with moral expertise and moral experts: Wherein lies the difference?" Clinical ethics: Theory and Practice. Eds. B. Hoffmaster, B. Freedman, and G. Fraser. Clifton, NJ: Humana Press, 1989. 89-99.

Baylis, Françoise. (ed.) The Health Care Ethics Consultant. Humana Press,1994.

Brock, Dan W., "Reviews: The birth of bioethics." Hastings Center Report 22,3 (1992): 41-42.

Brody, Baruch, Nancy Dubler, Jeff Blustein, Arthur Caplan, Jeffrey P. Kahn, Nancy Kass, Bernard Lo, Jonathan Moreno, Jeremy Sugarman, and Laurie Zoloth. "Bioethics Consultation in the Private Sector." Hastings Center Report 2002; 32(3):14-20.

Brower, Vicki. "Biotechs Embrace Bioethics." BioSpace.com. Posted 6/14/99. http://www.biospace.com/articles/061499_ethics.cfm

Callahan, Daniel. "Bioethics, our crowd, and ideology." Hastings Center Report 26,6 (1996): 3-4.

Callahan, Daniel. "Doing Good and Doing Well," Hastings Center Report, 31, no. 2 (2001): 19-21. 

Caplan, A. "Moral experts and moral expertise: Do either exist?" Clinical ethics: Theory and Practice. Eds. B. Hoffmaster, B. Freeman, and G. Fraser. Clifton, NJ: Humana Press, 1989.

Capron, A.M. "Abandoning a waning life." Hastings Center Report 25, 4 (1995): 24-26.

Churchill, Larry R., "Are we professionals? A critical look at the social role of bioethicists." Daedalus 128, 4 (1999): 253-274.

Crosthwaite, J. "Moral expertise: A problem in the professional ethics of professional ethicists." Bioethics 9 (1995): 361-379.

Cummins, Deborah. "The Professional Status of Bioethics Consultation." Theoretical Medicine, 23. 2002. 19-43.

Degnin, F.D. "Max Weber on ethics case consultation: A methodological critique of the conference on evalution of ethics consultation." The Journal of Clinical Ethics 8 (1997): 181-192.

Donaldson, Thomas. "The Business Ethics of Bioethics Consulting." Hastings Center Report, 31, no. 2 (2001): 12-14.

Elliott, Carl. "Pharma Buys a Conscience." The American Prospect 12,17 (2001): 6 pps. Internet. 30 Aug. 2002. Avalaible: http://www.prospect.org/print-friendly/print/V12/17/elliott-c.html.

Elliott, Carl. A Philosophical Disease: Bioethics, Culture, and Identity. Routledge, 1998.

Elliott, Carl. "Throwing a Bone to the Watchdog." Hastings Center Report 31, no. 2, March-April 2001: 9-12.

Ells, Carolyn. "Beyond Theory." (review of Carl Elliott's A Philosophical Disease: Bioethics, Culture, and Identity) in Canadian Medical Association Journal,162:1. Jan. 11, 2000. 87-88.

Elser, Arnold R., Susan D. Goold, Anthony L. Suchman. "The Role of Bioethics and Business Ethics." Journal of General Internal Medicine. Vol. 14, 1999 (Supplement 1). S58-62.

Fletcher, J.C. "Ethics consultation and surrogates: Can we do better?" The Journal of Clinical Ethics 8 (1997): 50-59.

Fletcher, J.C., and M. Siegler. What are the goals of ethics consultation? A consensus statement." The Journal of Clinical Ethics 7 (1996): 122-126.

Fletcher, John C and Diane E. Hoffmann. "Ethics Committees: Time to Experiment with Standards." Annals of Internal Medicine, 1994; 120. 335-338.

Fox, E. "Concepts in evaluation applied to ethics consultation research." The Journal of Clinical Ethics 7,2 (1996): 116-121.

Fox, E., and R.M. Arnold. "Evaluating outcomes in ethics consultation research." The Journal of Clinical Ethics 7 (1996): 127-138.

Fox, E., and J.A. Tulsky. "Evaluation research and the future of ethics consultation." The Journal of Clinical Ethics 7,2 (1996): 146-149.

Freedman, Benjamin. The Roles and Responsibilities of the Ethics Consultant: A Retrospective Analysis of Cases. Edited by FranÁoise Baylis. University Publishing Group, 2000.

Freedman, Benjamin. "From Avocation to Vocation: Working Conditions for Clinical Bioethicists," in Francoise Baylis, ed., The Health Care Ethics Consultant, Totawa, New Jersey: Humana Press, 1994, 109-132.

Freedman, Benjamin. "A Meta-Ethics for Professional Morality." In Bernard Baumrin and Benjamin Freedman, eds., Moral Responsibility and the Professions. Haven, 1982.

Greenwood, Ernest. Attributes of a Profession. In Bernard Baumrin and Benjamin Freedman, eds., Moral Responsibility and the Professions. Haven, 1982.

Howe, E.G. "The three deadly sins of ethics consultation." The Journal of Clinical Ethics 7 (1996): 99-108.

Irving, Dianne N. "The Bioethics Mess." Crisis Magazine, May 2001. http://www.lifeissues.net/writers/irv/irv_37bioethicsmess.html

Jean, Peter J. "Examining the Profession and the Practice of Business Ethics." Journal of Business Ethics, 16: (1997). 1637-1649.

Jonsen, A.R. "Can an ethicist be a consultant?" Frontiers in medical ethics: Applications in a medical ethics. Ed. V. Abernethy. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger, 1980. 157-171.

Kaufert, J.M., and R.W. Putsch. "Communication through interpreters in health-care: Ethical dilemmas arising from differences in class, culture, language, and power." The Journal of Clinical Ethics 8 (1997): 71-87.

Kelly, S.E., et al. "Understanding the practice of ethics consultation: Results of an ethnographic multi-site study. The Journal of Clinical Ethics 8 (1997): 136-149.

Kidder, Rushworth M. "Why Ethics is Not a Profession" Ethics Newsline, September 23, 2002 Volume 5, Number 38. http://www.globalethics.org/newsline/members/currentissue.tmpl?id=0806011624508

King, Nancy M.P. "Who Ate the Apple? A Commentary on Core Competencies for Health Care Ethics Consultation: The Report of the American Society for Bioethics and Humanities (ASBH)" HEC Forum 11 (1999):170-175

Lancet. "Editorial: The Ethics Industry" The Lancet 350,9082 (1997): 897.

La Puma, John, and David Schiedermayer, Ethics Consultation: A Practical Guide. Jones & Bartlett, 1994.

La Puma, J., and D.L. Schiedermayer. "Ethics consultation: Skills, roles, and training." Annals of Internal Medicine 114,2 (1991): 155-160.

La Puma, John, and Stephen E. Toulmin. "Ethics consultants and ethics committees." Archives of Internal Medicine 149 (1989): 1109-1112.

Larkin, Gregory Luke, et al. "Managed care ethics: An emergency?" Annals of Emergency Medicine 28,6 (1996): 683-689.

Lemmens, Trudo and Benjamin Freedman. "Ethics Review for Sale?: Conflict of Interest and Commercial Research Review Boards." Milbank Quarterly, 78: 4. December 2000. 547-584

Light, Andrew. ìRestoration, the Value of Participation, and the Risks of Professionalization,î in Restoring Nature: Perspectives from the Social Sciences and Humanities, eds. P. Gobster and B. Hull (Washington, D.C.: Island Press, 2000), pp. 163-181.

Lite, Jordan. "Bioethicists Man the Pulpit" Wired News. July 23, 2000. http://www.wired.com/news/technology/0,1282,37689,00.html

MacDonald C. "Relational Professional Autonomy," Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics, (Vol. 11 Iss. 3, July 2002, 282-289).

MacDonald C. "Nurse Autonomy as Relational." Nursing Ethics (2002) 9:2. 194-201. http://www.nursingethics.ca/files/relational.pdf

MacDonald C. "Clinical standards and the structure of professional obligation." Professional Ethics. 2000; 8: 7-17.

MacDonald, C. "Will the ëSecular Priestsí of Bioethics Work Among the Sinners?" American Journal of Bioethics, 3.02, summer 2003.

Mitchell, Austin, et al. "Ethical statements as smokescreens for sectional interests: The case of the UK accountancy profession." Journal of Business Ethics 13 (1994): 39-51.

Moreno, Jonathon D. "Ethics consultation as moral engagement." Bioethics 5 (1991): 44-56.

Orr, Robert D., et al. "Evaluation of an ethics consultation service: Patient and family perspective." American Journal of Medicine 101 (1996): 135-141.

Paltrow, Lynn M. "Attacks on the Clinician-Patient Relationship: Are Bioethicists Speaking Out?" ASBH Exchange, 4:1. Winter 2001. 1, 6.

Pellegrino, Edmund D. "Clinical ethics: Biomedical ethics at the bedside." Journal of American Medical Association 260,6 (1988): 837-839.

Pellegrino, Edmund D., Mark Siegler, and Peter A. Singer. "Future directions in clinical ethics." The Journal of Clinical Ethics 2,1 (1991): 5-9.

Pellegrino, Edmund D. "The origins and evolution of bioethics: Some personal reflections." Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 9,1 (1999): 73-88.

Perkins, Henry S and Bunnie S. Saathoff. "Impact of Medical Ethics Consultations on Physicians: An Exploratory Study." American Journal of Medicine. Vol. 85 (1988). 761-765.

Philipkoski, Kristen. "Bioethics in the Hot Seat." Wired News, Jan. 18, 2001. http://www.wired.com/news/technology/0,1282,41244,00.html

Rosner, Fred. "The ethics of managed care." The Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine 64,1 (1997): 8-19.

Rubin, Susan, and Laurie Zoloth-Dorfman. "She said/he said: Ethics consultation and the gendered discourse." The Journal of Clinical Ethics 7,4 (1996): 321-332.

Saletan, William. "The Ethicist's New Clothes." Slate. August 17, 2001. http://slate.msn.com/?id=113959&

Scofield, Giles R. Ethics Consultation: The Least Dangerous Profession? Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 2 (1993) 417-448.

Sexson, William R., and Janet Thigpen. "Organization and function of a hospital ethics committee." Clinics in Perinatology 23,3 (1996): 429-436.

Shalit, Ruth. "When we were philosopher kings." The New Republic 28 April 1997 (1997): 7 pps. On-line. 30 Aug. 2002. http://www.tnr.com/archive/04/042897/shalit042897.html.

Sharpe, Virginia Ashby. "Letter to bioethics organizations." Center for Science in the Public Interest July 7, 2002: 3 pps. On-line. Internet. 30 Aug. 2002. http://www.cspinet.org/new/pdf/letter_to_bioethics_orgs.pdf.

Sharpe, Virginia Ashby. "Dear Editor." Center for Science in the Public Interest July 7, 2002.

Virginia A. Sharpe, ìScience, Bioethics, and the Public Interest: On the Need for Transparency.î The Hastings Center Report 2002; 32(3): 23-26.

Siegler, Mark. "Defining the goals of ethics consultations: A necessary step for improving quality." Quality Review Bulletin 18,1 (1992): 15-16.

Siegler, Mark, Edmund D. Pellegrino, and Peter A. Singer. "Clinical medical ethics." The Journal of Clinical Ethics 1 (1990): 5-9.

Siegler, Mark, and Peter A. Singer. "Clinical ethics consultation: Godsend or 'God squad?'" The American Journal of Medicine 85 (1988): 759-760.

Singer, Peter. Interview. The National Interest; 13 May 2001 (2001): 10 pps. internet: http://www.abc.net.au/rn/talks/natint/stories/s295489.htm

Singer, Peter A., Edmund D. Pellegrino, and Mark Siegler. "Ethics committees and consultants." The Journal of Clinical Ethics 1,4 (1990): 263-267.

Smith, Wesley J. "Is bioethics ethical?" Ethical Issues [volume?] (2000): 6 pps. On-line. 30 Aug. 2002. Available: http://www.consciencelaws.org/Examining-Conscience-Issues/ethical/Articles/Ethical11.html.

Spencer, Edward M. "A new role for institutional ethics committees: organizational ethics." The Journal of Clinical Ethics 8,4 (1997): 372-376.

Stolberg, Sheryl Gay. "Bioethicists Fall Under Familiar Scrutiny." New York Times. Aug. 2, 2001. http://www.larta.org/pl/NewsArticles/2Aug01NYTimes_Bioethicists%20Fall%20Under%20Familiar%20Scrutiny.htm

Tulsky, James A., and Carol B. Stocking. "Obstacles and opportunities in the design of ethics consultation evaluation." The Journal of Clinical Ethics 7,2 (1996): 139-145.

Tulsky, James A. and Ellen Fox. "Evaluating ethics consultation: Framing the questions." The Journal of clinical Ethics 7,2 (1996): 109-115.

Walker, Margaret Urban. "Keeping moral space open: New images of ethics consulting." Hastings Center Report 23,2 (1993): 33-40.

Wardle, Lynn D. ìA matter of conscience: legal protection for the rights of conscience of healthcare providers.î Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 1993 Fall; 2 (4): 529-42

Williams-Jones, Bryn. "A Review of Recent Ethics Literature on Clinical Case Consultations" at EthicsCommittee.ca (2000): 5 pps. On-line. 30 Aug. 2002. Available: http://www.ethicscommittee.ca/resources/caseconsult.html.

Yeo, Michael. ìProlegomena to Any Future Code of Ethics for Bioethicists.î Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 2 (1993) 402-425.

Zaner, Richard M. "Voices and time: The venture of clinical ethics." The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 18 (1993): 9-31.

Zoloth-Dorfman, Laurie, "Insider Trading: Conscience and Critique in Bioethics." HEC Forum, 1998; 10(1): 24-33.

Suggestions for additions are welcome. Submit suggestions to: Chris MacDonald (chrismac@ethicsweb.ca)